[Osteochondritis dissecans of the knee revisited. Recent advances and practical treatment algorithm]

Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) frequently affects the knee joint, causing instability or separation of an osteochondral fragment, which often leads to pain, mechanical symptoms, and, if left untreated, early-onset osteoarthritis. The pathogenesis of OCD is multifactorial, involving a number of anatomical, mechanical, vascular, genetic, and biological factors. Imaging plays a critical role in the diagnosis, decision-making, and follow-up of OCD lesions. Management can be surgical or non-surgical, depending on patient age and lesion characteristics. This article aims to synthesize the recent literature and provide a simple treatment algorithm to assist clinicians in optimizing the management of knee OCD.