Hemoadhican-based self-leveling Janus patch for comprehensive prevention of postoperative adhesions

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Medicine
• Surgical Innovation

Background:

• Postoperative adhesions pose significant clinical challenges, including tissue damage and surgical complications.
• Existing anti-adhesion materials often suffer from dislocation and induce nonspecific tissue reactions.
• Disruptions in fibrinolytic balance contribute to adhesion formation and persistence.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel self-leveling, unilaterally bonded Janus patch (J-HD) for preventing postoperative adhesions.
• To evaluate the anti-adhesion efficacy and biocompatibility of the J-HD patch.
• To elucidate the mechanism by which J-HD regulates fibrinolysis and promotes tissue repair.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of a three-layered Janus patch (J-HD) using hemoadhican (HD), Pluronic F127 (PF127), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).
• Characterization of J-HD patch properties, including self-leveling, unilateral adhesion, mechanical strength, and interfacial toughness.
• In vitro assessment of J-HD's resistance to fibrin and cell adhesion.
• In vivo evaluation of J-HD's anti-adhesion efficacy in a rat cecum-abdominal wall adhesion model.
• Analysis of J-HD's effect on fibrinolytic factors (t-PA, PAI-1) and host response.

Main Results:

• The J-HD patch demonstrated excellent self-leveling, unilateral adhesion, and resistance to fibrin/cell adhesion in vitro.
• J-HD significantly reduced abdominal adhesions in rats compared to Interceed®.
• J-HD modulated tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels, promoting a nonadherent state.
• The J-HD patch exhibited no significant acute or chronic toxicity and demonstrated favorable biocompatibility.

Conclusions:

• The developed Janus patch (J-HD) effectively prevents postoperative adhesions through self-leveling and unilateral bonding.
• J-HD demonstrates superior anti-adhesion performance and biocompatibility compared to existing materials.
• This Janus patch strategy holds promise for clinical applications in reducing surgical adhesions and improving tissue healing.