Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Menopause01:28

Menopause

252
Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
252
Disorders of the Female Reproductive System01:24

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

496
The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
496
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

3.1K
The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
3.1K
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

708
The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...
708
Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

64.4K
In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
64.4K
Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management01:19

Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management

39
The nursing management of Mitral Valve Prolapse, or MVP, centers around patient education, symptom monitoring, and lifestyle modifications.Patient Education on MVP Diagnosis and Heredity: Nurses should provide comprehensive education about MVP, a condition where the mitral valve does not close appropriately during heartbeats. This education often includes the condition's pathophysiology, symptoms, and potential complications, like arrhythmias or mitral regurgitation. Though not fully...
39

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Evidence for actions of estrone distinct from those of estradiol.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism·2026
Same author

Neuron-Enriched Extracellular Vesicle MicroRNAs Reflect Hormone-Sensitive Neural Pathway Changes from Early to Late Perimenopause.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Report of the FDA's expert panel on hormone therapy.

Menopause (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Fibroids and health disparities: the COllaboration for EQuity in Uterine Leiomyomas specialized center.

American journal of obstetrics and gynecology·2026
Same author

Obesity in menopause care.

European journal of endocrinology·2026
Same author

Menopausal Symptom Management in Patients After Risk-Reducing Oophorectomy.

Obstetrical & gynecological survey·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 15, 2025

Author Spotlight: Integrating Traditional Chinese Medicine with Modern Pharmacology and Genomics for Assessing Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in Mice
07:20

Author Spotlight: Integrating Traditional Chinese Medicine with Modern Pharmacology and Genomics for Assessing Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in Mice

Published on: August 23, 2024

654

Menopausal Symptom Management in Patients After Risk-Reducing Oophorectomy.

Andrew M Kaunitz1, Chanda Reese, JoAnn V Pinkerton

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florida College of Medicine - Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida; and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.

Obstetrics and Gynecology
|July 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients with BRCA1/2 mutations undergoing risk-reducing surgery can safely use menopausal hormone therapy. Observational data indicate it does not increase breast cancer risk, improving quality of life and reducing risks of early menopause.

More Related Videos

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
06:18

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause

Published on: August 13, 2019

12.3K
Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives
08:46

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives

Published on: September 16, 2021

6.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 15, 2025

Author Spotlight: Integrating Traditional Chinese Medicine with Modern Pharmacology and Genomics for Assessing Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in Mice
07:20

Author Spotlight: Integrating Traditional Chinese Medicine with Modern Pharmacology and Genomics for Assessing Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in Mice

Published on: August 23, 2024

654
An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
06:18

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause

Published on: August 13, 2019

12.3K
Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives
08:46

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives

Published on: September 16, 2021

6.1K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Gynecology

Background:

  • BRCA1/2 mutations increase cancer risk, necessitating risk-reducing surgeries like bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO).
  • Patients face dilemmas regarding menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) safety due to breast cancer concerns.
  • Premature menopause from BSO before age 45 poses significant health risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and impact of MHT in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers after risk-reducing BSO.
  • To inform clinical decisions regarding MHT for improving quality of life and mitigating menopause-related health risks.

Main Methods:

  • Observational data analysis of patients with BRCA1/2 mutations.
  • Focus on individuals who underwent risk-reducing BSO before age 45 and had intact breasts.
  • Assessment of breast cancer risk in relation to systemic MHT use.

Main Results:

  • Systemic MHT did not elevate breast cancer risk in this specific patient cohort.
  • MHT is associated with improved quality of life.
  • MHT may decrease health risks linked to premature menopause.

Conclusions:

  • Menopausal hormone therapy is a viable option for BRCA1/2 mutation carriers post-BSO with intact breasts.
  • Consideration of MHT can enhance well-being and reduce long-term health complications.
  • Emerging data suggest estrogen-only therapy might reduce breast cancer risk, warranting further investigation alongside hysterectomy during risk-reducing procedures.