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Using Synthetic Biology to Engineer Living Cells That Interface with Programmable Materials

Using Synthetic Biology to Engineer Living Cells That Interface with Programmable Materials

Published on: March 9, 2017

Engineering bi-directional chemically-modulated synthetic condensates for cellular control.

Ni Zhen^1,2, Yue Yan^3,4, Guangya Zhu⁵

¹Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.

Nature Communications

|July 17, 2025

Summary

Researchers engineered a new platform, ARDrop, to control biomolecular condensates using androgen receptor (AR) and drugs. This tool allows for precise manipulation of these cellular compartments, enabling new synthetic biology applications.

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Chemical Dimerization-Induced Protein Condensates on Telomeres

Chemical Dimerization-Induced Protein Condensates on Telomeres

Published on: April 12, 2021

Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Biochemistry
Synthetic Biology

Background:

Biomolecular condensates are essential membraneless compartments regulating cellular processes.
Current tools for manipulating phase-separated condensates and discovering tunable modules are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel chemical genetic platform for precise control over biomolecular condensate formation and dissolution.
To engineer tunable phase separation modules from natural proteins for functional applications.

Main Methods:

Rational engineering of the androgen receptor (AR) in conjunction with its clinically used drugs.
Development of the ARDrop platform for reversible condensate manipulation.
Application of the platform to diverse proteins to achieve specific cellular functions.

Main Results:

The ARDrop platform enables controllable formation and dissolution of biomolecular condensates.
Engineered proteins exhibit robust and long-lasting functionality with stable liquid-like properties.
The platform facilitates the dissection of complex cell signaling pathways.

Conclusions:

ARDrop provides a powerful toolkit for reversible manipulation of condensates.
This technology lays the foundation for engineering designer condensates in synthetic biology.
The approach enables precise spatiotemporal regulation of cellular functions through engineered condensates.