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Non-invasive brain stimulation contributing to postural control with and without stroke: a systematic review and
Sangha Cha1, Jayoung Choi1, Changwon Moon1,2
1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
Non-invasive brain stimulation significantly improves postural control, especially in stroke survivors. Techniques like transcranial direct current stimulation show strong benefits for rehabilitation and enhancing neural plasticity.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Rehabilitation Medicine
- Neuromodulation
Background:
- Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) offers potential for neural plasticity and motor recovery.
- Comparative effectiveness of NIBS for postural control across different populations is not well-established.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the efficacy of NIBS on postural control.
- To compare outcomes between stroke survivors and neurologically intact individuals.
Main Methods:
- Systematic search of randomized controlled trials and crossover studies (2014-2024) across major databases.
- Quality assessment using Risk of Bias 2 tool.
- Meta-analysis of treatment effects using standardized mean differences in a random-effects model.
Main Results:
- Overall significant effects of brain stimulation on postural control (SMD = 0.79).
- Stronger responses observed in stroke participants (SMD = 0.95) compared to neurologically intact individuals (SMD = 0.39).
- Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) showed high efficacy (SMD = 1.79) in stroke rehabilitation; primary motor cortex stimulation yielded optimal outcomes (SMD = 1.21).
Conclusions:
- NIBS is effective for improving postural control, with greater benefits for stroke survivors, indicating enhanced neuroplastic potential.
- Differential response patterns suggest tailored neuromodulatory strategies are beneficial for rehabilitation and performance enhancement.
- Findings support the development of targeted brain stimulation protocols for neurological recovery.
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