Review of research progress in immobilization and chemical modification of microbial enzymes and their application

Enzyme stabilization is one of the most critical steps help in applying the enzymes on industrial scale efficiently. Enzymes have use in a variety of areas, including medical, industry, food, and even beauty and cosmetics. The industrial application of enzymes is constantly limited by stability and cost. Enzyme synthesis on a large scale involves multiple steps, therefore stability and repeatability are critical. These two goals are crucial on an industrial scale because they translate to reduced time, effort, and cost. Enzyme stabilization provides the stability and reusability required for successful application. Immobilization with appropriate carriers and conjugation with chemically modified polysaccharides are the most common and low-cost strategies used for enzyme stabilization. These tactics enhance the enzyme's physicochemical characteristics, making it better suited for industrial applications that benefit our daily lives. This review is an attempt to provide a spot on each method, their progress, benefits and draw backs, and their application.