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Neutropenic Fever Secondary to Concurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection and Neutropenic Enterocolitis
Brandon Wiggins1, John M Sullivan2, Fady Banno3
1Gastroenterology, Henry Ford Health System, Grand Blanc, USA.
Cureus
|July 18, 2025
Summary
Neutropenic enterocolitis (NE), a severe condition in neutropenic patients, requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. This case highlights concurrent NE and Clostridioides difficile infection in lymphoma patients.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Hematology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Neutropenic enterocolitis (NE), or typhlitis, is a serious gastrointestinal complication associated with chemotherapy and neutropenia.
- Its multifactorial pathogenesis involves mucosal injury, microbial invasion, and neutropenia, leading to high mortality rates.
Observation:
- This report details a case of a patient with newly diagnosed non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
- The patient presented with persistent watery diarrhea and neutropenic fever.
Findings:
- Diagnostic workup revealed concurrent neutropenic enterocolitis (NE) and Clostridioides difficile infection.
- This dual infection complicated the clinical presentation and management.
Implications:
- Early recognition and combined treatment of NE and C. difficile infection are crucial for improving outcomes in neutropenic patients.
- This case underscores the importance of considering co-infections in the management of NE.
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