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Physical activity in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a review of recent literature

Agnieszka Małgorzata Wosiak1, Aleksandra Stasiak1, Elżbieta Smolewska1

  • 1Department of Paediatric Cardiology and Rheumatology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Medical University of Lodz, Poland.

Reumatologia
|July 18, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Physical activity is crucial for children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Early, targeted interventions, including nonpharmacologic approaches like physical therapy, improve muscle, bone, and psychological health, enhancing recovery and quality of life.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Sports Medicine
  • Child Health

Background:

  • Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a prevalent chronic rheumatic disease in children, causing joint pain, stiffness, and fatigue.
  • JIA can lead to significant complications including bone atrophy, physical disability, and reduced quality of life.
  • While pharmacological treatments are essential, nonpharmacologic therapies like physical activity are increasingly recognized as vital components of comprehensive JIA management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent studies on the impact of physical interventions in children with JIA.
  • To summarize the effects of physical activity on muscle, bone, and psychological function in pediatric arthritis.
  • To provide evidence-based recommendations for physical activity in children with JIA.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of recent scientific literature.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on physical interventions for juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
  • Synthesis of data regarding effects on musculoskeletal and psychological outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Physical interventions positively impact muscle strength and bone health in children with JIA.
  • Exercise and physical therapies demonstrate benefits for psychological well-being and social function.
  • Early and consistent physical activity is associated with improved functional outcomes and reduced disease impact.

Conclusions:

  • Physical interventions are a cornerstone of holistic JIA management.
  • Tailored physical activity programs can mitigate JIA-related complications and improve overall health.
  • Further research can refine specific physical activity guidelines for pediatric arthritis patients.

Keywords:
juvenile idiopathic arthritismovement disorderphysical activityrehabilitation in juvenile idiopathic arthritis

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