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Subviral Agents

Subviral Agents

Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 15, 2025

Microwave Assisted Rapid Diagnosis of Plant Virus Diseases by Transmission Electron Microscopy

Microwave Assisted Rapid Diagnosis of Plant Virus Diseases by Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published on: October 14, 2011

Viroscope™: a universal solution for plant virus and viroid diagnostics using HTS and cloud-based analysis.

Verónica Morgante¹, Juan Cristóbal Jiménez¹, Claudio Ponce¹

¹Multiplex SpA, Santiago, Chile.

Frontiers in Microbiology

|July 18, 2025

Summary

Viroscope™ uses cloud-based high-throughput sequencing for accurate plant virus and viroid detection, improving biosecurity. This advanced diagnostic tool enhances detection of emergent viruses, safeguarding food supply chains.

Keywords:

RT-qPCR Viroscope border security genome assembly coverage high-throughput sequencing (HTS)phytosanitary quarantine plant health replicase identification

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Last Updated: Sep 15, 2025

Microwave Assisted Rapid Diagnosis of Plant Virus Diseases by Transmission Electron Microscopy

Microwave Assisted Rapid Diagnosis of Plant Virus Diseases by Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published on: October 14, 2011

Combining Analysis of DNA in a Crude Virion Extraction with the Analysis of RNA from Infected Leaves to Discover New Virus Genomes

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Published on: July 27, 2018

Using a Pan-Viral Microarray Assay Virochip to Screen Clinical Samples for Viral Pathogens

Using a Pan-Viral Microarray Assay Virochip to Screen Clinical Samples for Viral Pathogens

Published on: April 27, 2011

Area of Science:

Plant pathology
Genomics
Biosecurity

Background:

International plant trade increases the global risk of plant virus spread, threatening food security.
High-throughput sequencing (HTS) offers advanced virus diagnostics but faces data analysis and implementation hurdles.
Viroscope™ is a cloud service designed to overcome HTS limitations for reliable virus and viroid identification.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the Viroscope™ algorithm for phytosanitary diagnostics of plant viruses and viroids in post-entry quarantine settings.
To assess the performance of Viroscope™ in detecting regulated and emergent viral pathogens.
To compare Viroscope™'s diagnostic capabilities against conventional methods like RT-qPCR.

Main Methods:

Deep sequencing of 144 plant tissue samples from post-entry quarantine using the Illumina® platform.
Parallel analysis of samples using the Viroscope™ algorithm and conventional RT-qPCR methods.
Evaluation of Viroscope™'s detection capabilities, including for low viral abundance and emergent viruses.

Main Results:

28.5% of quarantined plants harbored regulated and/or emergent viruses and viroids.
Viroscope™ detected emergent viruses in 25% of plants, highlighting risks missed by traditional methods.
Viroscope™ showed high correlation with RT-qPCR and detected viruses in samples negative by RT-qPCR.

Conclusions:

Viroscope™ enhances virus and viroid detection accuracy and provides valuable biological insights for phytosanitary diagnostics.
The cloud-based platform facilitates global adoption of HTS technology by making diagnostics user-friendly and efficient.
Viroscope™ improves biosecurity by identifying potential risks, including emergent viruses, that traditional methods may overlook.