Efficacy and Safety of Current Treatment Regimens for Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Elderly Patients

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Azacitidine, alone or in combination with Venetoclax, in the treatment of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia in patients with significant comorbidities who are ineligible for intensive chemotherapy. Most patients in the cohort had high-risk acute myeloid leukemia based on clinical and cytogenetic characteristics and required low-intensity therapeutic regimens, such as Azacitidine with or without Venetoclax, due to their age and comorbidities. It was shown that 77% of patients treated with hypomethylating agents with the addition of Venetoclax achieved complete remission. In addition, the clinical case of a 61-year-old patient with severe comorbidity status is described in the end of the article. The diagnosis included a transient ischemic attack in the context of an unruptured cerebral aneurysm, for which the patient was not a candidate for thrombolytic therapy, alongside other conditions requiring comprehensive treatment. A limitation of this study was a small sample of patients with acute myeloid leukemia.