From Homeostasis To Inflammation To Autoimmunity: The Potential Impact of CRP

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Biochemistry
• Medical Biomarkers

Background:

• C-reactive protein (CRP) is a liver-synthesized pentraxin, a sensitive biomarker for inflammation and tissue damage.
• Research is evolving on CRP's structural isoforms and its dual role as a biomarker and regulator of inflammatory and autoimmune processes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the role of CRP and monomeric CRP (mCRP) in autoimmune disorders.
• To investigate their impact on immune dysregulation, tissue damage, and disease progression.
• To explore CRP and mCRP as potential therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review.
• Analysis of studies on CRP and mCRP in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic sclerosis (SSc), and psoriasis.
• Evaluation of evidence for CRP/mCRP's role in immune dysregulation and disease pathology.

Main Results:

• CRP and mCRP significantly influence immune dysregulation, tissue damage, and disease progression in autoimmune conditions.
• Evidence suggests distinct roles for CRP isoforms in various autoimmune pathologies.
• Studies indicate CRP and mCRP's involvement in both inflammatory and autoimmune processes.

Conclusions:

• CRP and mCRP are critical in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, acting as both biomarkers and active participants.
• Targeting CRP and mCRP presents a promising therapeutic strategy for managing inflammation and restoring immune balance in autoimmune disorders.
• Further research into CRP structural isoforms and their specific functions is crucial for developing effective treatments.