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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Post-Movie Subliminal Measurement PMSM, for Investigating Implicit Social Bias
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Native Now, Equity Now: Implicit Associations Between Native Peoples and the Past Predict Reduced Support for Racial

J Doris Dai1, Stephanie A Fryberg2, Arianne E Eason1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley.

Psychological Science
|July 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The prevalent Native-past stereotype affects over two-thirds of non-Native Americans. This implicit bias predicts lower support for Native equity and minimizes contemporary racism against Native peoples.

Keywords:
Native Americansequityimplicit biasstereotyping

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Cultural Studies
  • American Indian Studies

Background:

  • American culture often portrays Native peoples as historical figures, not contemporary populations.
  • This "Native-past stereotype" overlooks the existence and experiences of over 8 million Native individuals in the U.S.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of the implicit Native-past stereotype in non-Native Americans.
  • To determine if this stereotype influences support for Native equity and perceptions of racism.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and utilized a Native-past Implicit Association Test (IAT) to measure associations between Native peoples and the past.
  • Analyzed data from 38,009 non-Native adult participants on the Project Implicit website.

Main Results:

  • Over two-thirds of participants exhibited implicit associations of Native peoples with the past.
  • Stronger implicit Native-past associations correlated with increased minimization of contemporary Native racism.
  • These associations predicted lower support for policies aimed at advancing Native equity.

Conclusions:

  • The implicit Native-past stereotype is widespread among non-Native Americans.
  • This bias contributes to the dismissal of current racism faced by Native peoples.
  • The stereotype negatively impacts contemporary Native peoples' lived experiences and support for equity initiatives.