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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 14, 2025

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A metabolic perspective on cuproptosis.

Yehua Li1, Xiaodong Wang2

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.

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|July 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Copper (Cu) is vital for biological processes, with its balance maintained by specific transporters and chaperones. Imbalances can cause cuproptosis, a cell death pathway offering new therapeutic targets for diseases like Wilson's disease.

Keywords:
CTR1ZnT1coppercuproptsis

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Metabolomics

Background:

  • Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element crucial for numerous biological functions, including electron transfer and enzymatic activity.
  • Copper homeostasis is meticulously regulated by uptake transporters (e.g., CTR1, ZnT1) and intracellular proteins (e.g., ATP7A, ATP7B).
  • Dysregulation of copper metabolism can lead to pathological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding copper metabolism and its role in homeostasis.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms and implications of cuproptosis, a novel form of regulated cell death.
  • To explore therapeutic opportunities arising from new insights into copper imbalance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on copper metabolism, homeostasis, and cell death pathways.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying copper transport and regulation.
  • Examination of the role of copper in various human diseases.

Main Results:

  • Copper's essential role in biological processes is highlighted, alongside key regulatory proteins.
  • Cuproptosis is defined as a regulated cell death mechanism involving lipoylated protein aggregation and Fe-S cluster protein degradation.
  • Copper dysregulation is implicated in Menkes and Wilson's diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Recent discoveries have significantly advanced our comprehension of copper metabolism and homeostasis.
  • Cuproptosis presents a novel target for therapeutic intervention in diseases associated with copper imbalance.
  • Targeting copper metabolism offers potential treatment strategies for a range of human pathologies.