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Related Concept Videos

Muscles that Move the Leg01:23

Muscles that Move the Leg

The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed to...
Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes01:28

Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes

The human leg comprises an intricate system of muscles that facilitate the movement of feet and toes. Within this system, the muscles are categorized into the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments, each with a unique set of muscles carrying out specific functions.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment includes muscles that contribute to the dorsiflexion of the foot. This compartment houses the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus muscles.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Induction and Assessment of Exertional Skeletal Muscle Damage in Humans
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Development and performance verification of an isometric dynamometer for lower extremity.

Yihua Wang1,2, Yining Sun1, Lisheng Gao3

  • 1Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.

Scientific Reports
|July 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary

A new isometric dynamometer for the lower extremity (IDLE) offers a valid and reliable method for assessing multi-joint lower limb muscle strength. This portable and affordable device provides quantitative measurements crucial for health monitoring and rehabilitation.

Keywords:
Isometric contractionLower extremityMuscle strengthReliabilityValidity

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Rehabilitation Engineering
  • Musculoskeletal Physiology

Background:

  • Lower limb isometric strength is vital for disease prediction, rehabilitation monitoring, and activity assessment.
  • Current manual testing lacks quantitative data, while handheld and isokinetic dynamometers have limitations in cost, complexity, skill requirement, or scope.
  • Existing devices often target single joints or specific populations, highlighting a need for versatile, user-friendly tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate the Isometric Dynamometer for the Lower Extremity (IDLE) for multi-joint lower limb isometric strength measurement.
  • To assess the validity and reliability of the IDLE in measuring hip flexion, knee extension/flexion, and ankle dorsiflexion strength.
  • To provide a portable, affordable, and easy-to-use alternative for quantitative muscle strength assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the Isometric Dynamometer for the Lower Extremity (IDLE).
  • Evaluation of IDLE's validity against a strap-fixed handheld dynamometer (HHD).
  • Assessment of intra-rater and inter-rater reliability in 20 healthy adults (50% female).

Main Results:

  • The IDLE demonstrated excellent validity when compared to a HHD (Pearson's r ≥ 0.907, ICC ≥ 0.908, P < 0.01).
  • Excellent intra-rater reliability was observed for multiple measurements in both males and females (ICC ≥ 0.926).
  • Excellent inter-rater reliability was found for most measurements (ICC ≥ 0.901), with minor exceptions.

Conclusions:

  • The IDLE is a valid and reliable device for assessing lower extremity isometric strength in healthy adults.
  • The device offers a promising solution for quantitative, multi-joint muscle strength assessment.
  • Further validation in clinical populations is recommended to broaden its application.