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Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Using RNA-sequencing to Detect Novel Splice Variants Related to Drug Resistance in In Vitro Cancer Models
Published on: December 9, 2016
Transcriptome-wide decoding the roles of aberrant splicing in melanoma MAPK-targeted resistance evolution
Jing Yu1, Xiujing He1, Xueyan Wang1
1Institute of Breast Health Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Abstract:
Drug resistance critically limits the long-term efficacy of MAPK-targeted therapy in melanoma. While resistance mechanisms at genetic, epigenetic, and transcriptional scales are well-documented, post-transcriptional splicing regulation remains poorly understood. By analyzing patient-matched pre-treatment and resistant melanoma biopsies, we uncover widespread alternative splicing alterations during therapy resistance. Splicing perturbations are most pronounced in MAPK and PI3K-AKT pathway genes. We identify a splicing switch of AKT2 from isoform 210 to 206 in 29.55% (13/44) of disease-progressive biopsies. This splicing switch induces AKT2 kinase hyperactivity by restoring the activated fragment A-loop. Functional validations confirm that AKT2-206 confers BRAF inhibitor resistance in melanoma cells by activating S6 kinase. Further, the splicing factor hnRNPK likely drives the splicing switch of AKT2 during acquired resistance. Our results not only provide insights into splicing-mediated regulation of drug resistance but also highlight the importance of alternative splicing isoforms as targets for clinical diagnosis and therapy.
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