Clinical Efficacy of a Salicylic Acid-Containing Gel on Acne Management and Skin Barrier Function: A 21-Day...

Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition characterized by excessive sebum production, inflammation, and compromised skin barrier function. Effective treatments should target both lesion reduction and skin hydration while maintaining tolerability.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of a salicylic acid-containing gel in reducing sebum levels, improving skin hydration, strengthening the skin barrier, and alleviating acne severity over 21 days.

A single-center, prospective clinical trial was conducted on 42 participants (37 females, 5 males, mean age: 25.86 ± 6.69 years) with mild-to-moderate acne (IGA grade 2-3) and oily or combination skin. Participants applied the gel twice daily for 21 days. Sebum levels (Sebumeter SM815), trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL, Tewameter TM Hex), and skin hydration (Corneometer CM825) were measured at multiple time points. Acne severity was assessed using the IGA scale, and self-reported satisfaction surveys were collected.

Following the follow-up period, sebum levels decreased by 23.65% (p < 0.05), while skin hydration increased by 40.5% (p < 0.05). TEWL decreased by 49.26% (p < 0.05), indicating enhanced skin barrier function. The IGA score improved by 23.81% (p < 0.001), demonstrating a significant reduction in acne severity. All participants (100%) reported satisfaction with the product, with notable improvements in oil control, acne reduction, and skin texture. The gel was well tolerated, with only 5% of participants reporting mild, transient itching, which resolved without intervention.

The salicylic acid-containing gel effectively reduces acne lesions, regulates sebum production, enhances skin hydration, and strengthens the skin barrier, making it a suitable option for acne-prone and sensitive skin. These findings suggest that the gel provides a well-balanced approach to acne treatment by addressing both clinical efficacy and user comfort.