Effects of hyperprolactinemia and bromocriptine treatment on cerebral blood flow and functional brain States

Hyperprolactinemia (HPRL) affects both reproductive function and the central nervous system. However, its specific effects on brain function and blood flow remain unclear.

This study used multimodal magnetic resonance imaging to examine cerebral blood flow (CBF) and functional network characteristics in 32 HPRL patients, including those undergoing bromocriptine treatment, and 40 healthy controls.

Results revealed a significant reduction in global mean CBF in HPRL patients, particularly in the right inferior frontal gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, and bilateral rectus gyrus. In contrast, the right middle frontal gyrus exhibited increased CBF. Following bromocriptine treatment, global CBF showed an upward trend. Additionally, the hierarchical structure of functional networks in HPRL patients was diminished and negatively correlated with serum prolactin levels, potentially related to reduced connectivity between the default mode and sensorimotor networks.

These findings provide new insights into how HPRL and bromocriptine influence brain function, enhancing the understanding of the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms.