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Zinc-Sponge Battery Electrodes that Suppress Dendrites

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High-performance zinc-ion storage enabled by layer-structured hydrated ruthenium oxide cathode.

Xu Li¹, Yang Li¹, Liubing Dong¹

¹College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

|July 19, 2025

Summary

Researchers developed advanced hydrated ruthenium oxide materials for high-performance zinc-based batteries. These materials exhibit weak lattice distortion and efficient ion transport, significantly improving energy storage capacity and cycling stability.

Keywords:

Cathode material Ruthenium oxide Zinc-ion battery Zinc-ion storage

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Energy Storage

Background:

Transition metal oxides (TMOs) are common hosts for Zn²⁺ storage in aqueous zinc-based systems.
Strong Zn²⁺-TMO interactions cause lattice distortion and instability, limiting performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop advanced TMO materials with weak lattice distortion and low-barrier ion transport for high-performance Zn²⁺ storage.
To investigate hydrated ruthenium oxide materials for enhanced electrochemical energy storage.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of hydrated ruthenium oxide materials.
Characterization of [RuO₆] octahedra and Jahn-Teller distortion.
Analysis of interlayer water molecule effects on ion transport and electrostatic interactions.

Main Results:

Hydrated ruthenium oxide exhibits weak intrinsic Jahn-Teller distortion.
Interlayer water molecules weaken electrostatic interactions and facilitate Zn²⁺ diffusion.
Achieved a large capacity of 259 mAh/g with excellent rate performance and cycling stability (0.00266% decay per cycle over 10,000 cycles).

Conclusions:

The developed hydrated ruthenium oxide cathode materials demonstrate superior performance compared to existing TMOs.
This work offers new strategies for designing TMOs for high-performance zinc-based electrochemical energy storage.