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BETTER sleep: Sleep quality among adults living with type 1 diabetes in Canada
Lydi-Anne Vézina-Im1, Anne-Frédérique Turcotte2, Virginie Messier3
1VITAM - Centre de recherche en santé durable, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux (CIUSSS) de la Capitale-Nationale, 2480, chemin de la Canardière, Québec, Québec G1J 2G1, Canada; Centre de recherche du Centre intégré de santé et de services sociaux (CISSS) de Chaudière-Appalaches, 143 rue Wolfe, Lévis, Québec G6V 3Z1, Canada; Département des sciences de la santé, Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Campus de Lévis, 1595 boulevard Alphonse-Desjardins, Lévis, Québec G6V 0A6, Canada.
Aims:
Identify correlates of poor sleep quality among people living with type 1 diabetes (PwT1D).
Methods:
Data were extracted from the BETTER Registry. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Sociodemographic characteristics (age, biological sex, education, income, ethnicity, body mass index); diabetes-related (diabetes duration, glucose monitoring method, treatment type, hypoglycemia awareness); psychological (fear of hypoglycemia, diabetes-related distress and stigma, depression, social support); and behavioral (snacking before bedtime, caffeine, alcohol and cannabis use, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA]) variables were tested in multivariate logistic regression analyses for their association with poor sleep quality (PSQI >5).
Results:
A total of 1322 PwT1D (mean age: 45.0 ± 15.0 years; 66.9 % female) had sleep data. The mean PSQI score was 6.0 ± 3.4 and 47.3 % had poor sleep quality. Being female (OR = 1.422; 95 % CI: 1.080-1.873), with overweight/obesity (OR = 1.376; 95 % CI: 1.067-1.775), greater fear of hypoglycemia (OR = 1.016; 95 % CI: 1.008-1.023), having moderate-to-severe depression (OR = 6.160; 95 % CI: 4.250-8.929), always snacking before bedtime (OR = 1.706; 95 % CI: 1.124-2.590), using cannabis (OR = 1.578; 95 % CI: 1.152-2.161), and accumulating <150 min/week of MVPA (OR = 1.563; 95 % CI: 1.107-2.203) were correlates of poor sleep quality.
Conclusions:
Many PwT1D have poor sleep quality, and their sleep is associated with various sociodemographic, psychological, and behavioral factors.
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