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PATE Model: A 30-Year Review and Analysis of Gestural Interaction Research
Xiaojiao Chen1, Jiayi Zhang1, Yuanxiu Zhao1
1Zhejiang University, China.
Human Factors
|July 21, 2025
Summary
This review traces gestural interaction research from functionality to user experience, developing a Person-Action-Target-Environment (PATE) model. It synthesizes trends, measures, and factors to enhance human-centered gestural design.
Area of Science:
- Human-Computer Interaction
- Interaction Design
- Usability Engineering
Background:
- Gestural interaction research lacks a human-centered synthesis.
- Existing studies need a structured framework for design and evaluation.
- A comprehensive review is crucial for advancing the field.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review gestural interaction research evolution.
- To transition from functionality/performance focus to a human-centered paradigm.
- To develop a theoretical framework for understanding gestural interaction.
Main Methods:
- Developed a conceptual Person-Action-Target-Environment (PATE) model.
- Conducted a systematic literature review using PRISMA guidelines.
- Analyzed 197 articles for topics, indicators, and influencing factors.
Main Results:
- Identified three research phases: functionality, performance, and user experience.
- Defined four key measurement dimensions: efficiency, ease of use, subjective experience, and tolerance.
- Found ten categories (40 factors) influencing gestural interaction, with emphasis on person, action, and target.
Conclusions:
- The PATE model effectively structures gestural interaction analysis.
- The review identifies key trends, measures, and influencing factors.
- Provides insights and tools for enhancing user experience in gestural technologies.
