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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Simple and Robust in vivo and in vitro Approach for Studying Virus Assembly
09:47

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Bioactive Polysulfate-Based Nano-Assemblies Against Virus Infection.

Guoxin Ma1, Mathias Dimde2, Kai Ludwig2

  • 1Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|July 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary

New 3D nanosystems with polysulfates effectively inhibit viruses like HSV-1 and Omicron. These flexible nanoparticles block viral entry into host cells, showing significant therapeutic potential for antiviral applications.

Keywords:
antiviral nanoassemblymultivalent nanosystemspolysulfatesvirus inhibition

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Virology
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Polysulfated nanosystems demonstrate potent antiviral properties by dynamically deforming and adhering to viruses.
  • Developing novel supramolecular nanostructures is crucial for enhancing antiviral efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel supramolecular nanosystem assembled from a block copolymer for enhanced virus inhibition.
  • To evaluate the antiviral efficacy of varying sulfation levels on the nanosystem against herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) and Omicron variants.

Main Methods:

  • Assembly of a block copolymer into 100 nm spheres with a brush-like corona.
  • Testing varying sulfation levels (45%, 76%, 100%) in plaque reduction assays for HSV-1 inhibition.
  • Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to visualize virus-nanosystem interactions.
  • Evaluation in post-infection models and against Omicron variants.

Main Results:

  • Nanosystems exhibited exceptional particle homogeneity due to outer-shell sulfate distribution, enhancing multivalent interactions.
  • Achieved very low half-maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) values for HSV-1: 0.43, 0.16, and 0.037 µg/mL for 45%, 76%, and 100% sulfated assemblies, respectively.
  • Cryo-EM confirmed multiple layers of nanosystems trapping viruses.
  • 76% and 100% sulfated assemblies demonstrated therapeutic potential in post-infection models and against Omicron.

Conclusions:

  • The 3D flexible nano-assemblies effectively block virus entry into host cells.
  • Superior morphology and high efficiency make these sulfated nanosystems promising candidates for broad-spectrum antiviral applications.