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Thyroid nodule rupture and hyperthyroidism following radiofrequency ablation: A case report
Le Thi My1, Tran Thi Hoang Anh1, Nguyen Thi Thanh Hien2
1Radiology Department, Vinmec Times City International hospital, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Radiology Case Reports
|July 21, 2025
Summary
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for thyroid nodules can rarely cause rupture and hyperthyroidism. Conservative treatment resolved symptoms, and the nodule volume significantly decreased post-RFA.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Minimally Invasive Procedures
Background:
- Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a key treatment for benign thyroid nodules, offering a less invasive option than surgery.
- Nodule rupture is a rare but documented complication of RFA.
Observation:
- A 45-year-old male experienced nodule rupture and hyperthyroidism 41 days after RFA.
- Neck ultrasound showed a disrupted thyroid nodule capsule and an adjacent mass.
- Thyroid function tests indicated hyperthyroidism.
Findings:
- The patient underwent conservative treatment for the condition.
- Thyroid function tests normalized within two weeks.
- Five months post-RFA, the thyroid nodule volume reduced by 92%, and a soft tissue lesion regressed completely.
Implications:
- This case highlights the importance of monitoring for rare complications like nodule rupture after RFA.
- Conservative management can be effective for post-RFA hyperthyroidism.
- RFA demonstrates significant efficacy in reducing thyroid nodule size.
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