E‑Liquid and Aerosol Characterization of Popular Disposable E‑Cigarettes

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Environmental Health
• Toxicology

Background:

• Disposable e-cigarettes are popular but their e-liquid composition and aerosol emissions are poorly understood.
• Assessing these components is crucial for understanding potential health risks associated with vaping.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the e-liquid composition and aerosol emissions of popular disposable e-cigarette brands.
• To quantify nicotine, organic acids, flavorings, coolants, and carbonyl species in e-liquids and aerosols.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of 25 disposable e-cigarettes from four brands using gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and liquid chromatography-accurate mass spectrometry.
• Quantification of e-liquid components and aerosol mass formation, including carbonyl species.

Main Results:

• 40% of devices had lower nicotine concentrations than labeled.
• Benzoic acid was prevalent; WS-23 coolant was found in all devices at high concentrations.
• Six additives exceeded toxic thresholds; carbonyl yields varied by brand, with Esco Bar highest and Flum Pebble lowest.

Conclusions:

• Disposable e-cigarette composition and aerosol emissions are complex and vary significantly.
• E-liquid formulation and device design impact harmful carbonyl yields.
• Further research is needed to fully characterize risks associated with vaping these products.