Current and future precision therapy approaches in the long QT syndrome

The long QT syndrome is a genetic arrhythmia disorder that predisposes patients to ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Pronounced genotype-specific differences in molecular mechanisms, arrhythmia triggers, and arrhythmogenic risk are well established, making the disease a prime candidate for precision medicine approaches in cardiology. In this review, we first highlight the genetic basis of long QT syndrome, clinical genotype differences, and risk prediction approaches. In the second part, we discuss the current standard therapies applicable to all genotypes, as well as both established and emerging gene-specific precision therapy approaches.