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  11. Impact Of Domestic Violence Legislation On Reported Intimate Partner Violence: A Difference-in-differences Analysis Across 16 Countries

Impact of domestic violence legislation on reported intimate partner violence: a difference-in-differences analysis across 16 countries

Robin A Richardson1, Anita Raj2, Kira Downs3

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, USA.

SSM - Population Health
|July 21, 2025

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Domestic violence (DV) legislation may increase women's reported intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization. This global study found that enacting DV laws was associated with a rise in reported IPV cases among women.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology
  • Law and Society

Background:

  • Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant global health issue disproportionately affecting women.
  • Domestic violence (DV) legislation aims to protect women through criminal and civil measures, but its effectiveness remains under-evaluated.
  • This study investigates the impact of national DV legislation on married women's experiences of IPV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the causal effect of national-level domestic violence legislation on intimate partner violence victimization among married women.
  • To analyze the association between the adoption of DV laws and reported IPV across various countries.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized self-reported IPV data from 183,222 women across 16 countries (2000-2021) from the Demographic and Health Surveys.
Keywords:
Difference-in-differencesDomestic violenceGender-based violenceIntimate partner violence

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  • Linked survey data with World Bank data on domestic violence legislation.
  • Employed a staggered difference-in-differences approach, controlling for time-varying country-level factors.

    • Main Results:

    • The adoption of DV legislation was associated with an increase in any reported IPV (ATT = 0.07).
    • Slight increases were observed across physical, sexual, and psychological IPV types, though estimates were imprecise.
    • Reported IPV increased most significantly shortly after legislation adoption, particularly among women with accepting attitudes towards IPV.

    Conclusions:

    • Enactment of domestic violence legislation may be linked to an increase in reported intimate partner violence victimization.
    • Further research is needed to explore heterogeneity in effects across socio-demographic groups and understand policy mechanisms benefiting women's health.
    Legislation
    Policy evaluation