Research progress of in vivo measurement methods of myopia sclera biomechanics

The study of the development mechanism of myopia involves many aspects, of which the remodeling and biomechanical changes of the sclera are currently recognized as some of the more important mechanisms. In recent years, new progress has been made in in vivo and ex vivo measurement methods to characterize scleral biomechanics. However, because ex vivo measurement methods cannot be used on the in vivo eyeball, there is still a lack of a reliable in vivo scleral biomechanical measurement method to assess the trend of myopia progression in clinical practice.

In this paper, the research progress of existing in vivo measurement methods of scleral biomechanics in myopia is reviewed, and the advantages and limitations of these methods are discussed. The purpose is to comprehensively introduce the current development status of in vivo measurement methods of scleral biomechanics, look forward to their clinical application and development, and to explore new directions and ideas for the application of scleral biomechanics in the prevention and control of myopia.

The review shows that the most urgent problem is to further prove and verify that the biomechanical properties of the sclera can be measured with sufficient sensitivity and accuracy in vivo. Its safety and feasibility in clinical application also need to be considered. Future studies should investigate the multi-level and multi-scale biomechanical properties of the myopic sclera, and develop non-contact and non-invasive in vivo measurement techniques to provide more methods for myopia prevention and control and early screening of myopia in adolescents.