Shared Mechanisms Between Osteoarthritis and Cardiovascular Disease: A Clinical and Pathophysiological Review

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Rheumatology
• Cardiology

Background:

• Osteoarthritis (OA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are prevalent, particularly in older adults, often coexisting.
• Shared risk factors include aging, obesity, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction, complicating patient management.
• Age-related physiological changes in joints and the cardiovascular system exacerbate both conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the intricate relationship between osteoarthritis and cardiovascular disease.
• To identify shared mechanisms and risk factors linking OA and CVD.
• To evaluate current treatment strategies and propose integrated care approaches.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on OA, CVD, and their interconnections.
• Analysis of shared risk factors, including aging, obesity, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction.
• Examination of molecular mechanisms such as oxidative stress, chondrocyte senescence, and endothelial dysfunction.

Main Results:

• OA and CVD share common risk factors and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
• Common OA treatments (NSAIDs, corticosteroids) may have cardiovascular implications.
• Current diagnostic and treatment strategies for CVD in OA patients require enhancement.

Conclusions:

• A strong association exists between OA and increased cardiovascular risk.
• Further research is needed to elucidate causal links and improve risk prediction.
• Integrated, multidisciplinary management strategies are essential for optimizing outcomes in patients with coexisting OA and CVD.