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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Published on: February 9, 2021

Cholesterol crystal embolization induced kidney disease.

Shohan Pervaze^1,2,3, Shreya Mohandas^1,2,3, Pushkas Gopalan^1,2,3

¹Department of Medicine, Ballard Health, Norton Virginia, VA 24273, United States of America.

American Heart Journal Plus : Cardiology Research and Practice

|July 21, 2025

Summary

Cholesterol crystal embolization (CCE) occurs when plaque ruptures, blocking kidney arteries and causing kidney disease. This review covers CCE

Keywords:

Cholesterol emboli Kidney disease

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The Murine Choline-Deficient, Ethionine-Supplemented CDE Diet Model of Chronic Liver Injury

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Published on: October 21, 2017

Area of Science:

Nephrology
Cardiovascular Medicine
Pathology

Background:

Cholesterol crystal embolization (CCE) arises from atherosclerotic plaque rupture, leading to systemic inflammation and organ ischemia.
Renal involvement is common due to kidney proximity to the aorta, causing acute, sub-acute, or chronic kidney disease.
Risk factors for renal CCE include iatrogenic and spontaneous causes.

Purpose of the Study:

To comprehensively review the pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies for kidney involvement in CCE.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on cholesterol crystal embolization and renal disease.
Analysis of pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical presentations, and diagnostic modalities.
Evaluation of current and emerging therapeutic interventions for renal CCE.

Main Results:

CCE pathophysiology involves complex pathways causing direct kidney damage.
Diagnosis requires laboratory studies and potentially kidney biopsy.
Treatment is primarily supportive, with emerging novel therapies.

Conclusions:

CCE significantly impacts kidney function through various mechanisms.
Accurate diagnosis and timely management are crucial for patient outcomes.
Further research into novel therapies is warranted for effective CCE treatment.