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An updated meta-analysis on the association between celiac disease and cardiovascular diseases

Mahdi Faraji1, Reza Khademi2, Maede Maleki1

  • 1Students Research Committee, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences Ardabil 56189-85991, Iran.

American Journal of Cardiovascular Disease
|July 21, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Patients with celiac disease (CD) have a modestly increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This meta-analysis confirms a significant link, emphasizing the need for cardiovascular monitoring in CD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Cardiology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The relationship between celiac disease (CD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear, with conflicting research findings.
  • Understanding this association is crucial for comprehensive patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis.
  • To investigate the association between celiac disease and the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar.
  • Nine cohort and one case-control study, encompassing over 49 million individuals, were included.
  • Study quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools.

Main Results:

  • A pooled analysis of 10 studies revealed a 7% increased risk of CVD in individuals with CD compared to controls (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03-1.10).
  • Significant heterogeneity was noted among the included studies (I² = 76%).

Conclusions:

  • This meta-analysis indicates a modest yet significant elevation in CVD risk among patients diagnosed with CD.
  • Cardiovascular health should be a key consideration in managing celiac disease.
  • Further research is warranted to explore underlying mechanisms and develop targeted prevention strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
Celiac disease (CD)cardiovascular disease (CVD)coronary artery disease (CAD)meta-analysissystematic review

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