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The Beneficial Effect of Melatonin on Gentamicin-induced Liver Injury in Rats
Mersiha Krupalija-Fazlic1, Dina Kapic2, Maida Sahinovic2
1Department of Dermatovenerology, Clinical Center, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Background:
Gentamicin is a potent, broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic used in the treatment of many infections. Gentamicin can induce hepatotoxicity through oxidative stress and apoptosis. Since melatonin has antioxidant properties, its protective effects on liver tissue damage were evaluated in this study.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to conduct our investigation to assess the hepatoprotective effects of melatonin in rats treated with gentamicin.
Methods:
Forty eight adult male Wistar rats were used. The animals were randomly distributed into six groups of equal size. During the period of 11 days, three control groups of rats were daily injected i.p. with the vehicle or with melatonin at a dose of 5 or 10 mg/kg. The gentamicin group was injected with gentamicin at a dose of 80 mg/kg during 8 days and vehicle for 11 days. The other two experimental groups were administered gentamicin (80 mg/kg during) 8 days and melatonin (doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg) 3 days before and 8 days concomitantly with melatonin. Obtained liver sections were analyzed using qualitative, semi-quantitative, and stereological analysis.
Results:
Gentamicin expressed hepatotoxic effects inducing congestion of lobular blood vessels, hydropic degeneration of periportal hepatocytes and mononuclear infiltration in the portal tract. Treatment with gentamicin resulted in an increase in the Vv of blood vessels, a decrease in the Vv of hepatocytes, and a decrease in the glycogen content in all three lobular zones. Melatonin administration reduced the liver alterations induced by gentamicin; the higher dose had a more potent protective effect.
Conclusion:
Melatonin has a beneficial effect on gentamicin-induced liver damage and the effect is dose-dependent.
Insights
Melatonin protects against gentamicin-induced liver damage in rats. This antioxidant effect is dose-dependent, with higher melatonin doses offering greater protection against gentamicin toxicity.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Gentamicin, a broad-spectrum antibiotic, can cause liver damage via oxidative stress and apoptosis.
- Melatonin, known for its antioxidant properties, was investigated for its potential to mitigate gentamicin-induced hepatotoxicity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of melatonin in rats subjected to gentamicin treatment.
- To determine if melatonin administration can reduce liver tissue damage caused by gentamicin.
Main Methods:
- Adult male Wistar rats were divided into six groups, receiving vehicle, melatonin, or gentamicin with or without melatonin.
- Gentamicin was administered at 80 mg/kg for 8 days; melatonin was given at 5 or 10 mg/kg.
- Liver sections were analyzed using qualitative, semi-quantitative, and stereological methods.
Main Results:
- Gentamicin induced hepatotoxicity, characterized by vascular congestion, hepatocyte degeneration, and inflammation.
- Gentamicin treatment altered liver volume fractions and reduced glycogen content.
- Melatonin administration ameliorated gentamicin-induced liver damage, with a more pronounced effect at the higher dose.
Conclusions:
- Melatonin exhibits a beneficial, dose-dependent effect on gentamicin-induced liver injury.
- Melatonin's antioxidant properties contribute to its protective role against gentamicin hepatotoxicity.
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