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Related Concept Videos

Bioplastics01:27

Bioplastics

Bioplastics derived from microbial processes present a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), particularly polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, such as Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas putida, which naturally accumulate PHAs as intracellular carbon and energy reserves, especially under...

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Pinecone-Derived Biocarbon-Polylactic Acid Composites for Sustainable 3D Printing.

Nishtha Arora1,2, Omvesh Yadav2,3, Sachin Dua1,2

  • 1Polymeric Materials Area, Chemical and Material Sciences Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun 248005, India.

ACS Applied Bio Materials
|July 21, 2025
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Summary

Researchers developed pinecone-derived biocarbon (PCAC)-infused polylactic acid (PLA) composites for sustainable 3D printing. These eco-friendly materials show enhanced mechanical properties and biodegradability, offering a greener alternative for additive manufacturing.

Keywords:
Additive ManufacturingBiocarbonMechanical PerformancePineconePolylactic AcidSustainable Composites

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Sustainable Manufacturing
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Growing demand for sustainable manufacturing necessitates eco-friendly material alternatives.
  • Biomass-sourced carbon particles offer a renewable resource for composite development.
  • Biodegradable polymers like polylactic acid (PLA) are key to reducing plastic waste.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate pinecone-derived biocarbon (PCAC)-infused PLA composites.
  • To investigate the impact of PCAC loading on composite properties for additive manufacturing.
  • To assess the mechanical performance and biodegradability of these novel biocomposites.

Main Methods:

  • Pinecone-derived biocarbon (PCAC) was synthesized and incorporated into polylactic acid (PLA) at varying wt % (0.025–0.100).
  • Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) was used for additive manufacturing of the composites.
  • Morphological, optical, mechanical (tensile strength), and enzymatic biodegradability analyses were performed.

Main Results:

  • Homogeneous dispersion of PCAC within the PLA matrix was confirmed.
  • Tensile strength increased by up to 60% at an optimal PCAC loading of 0.075 wt %.
  • The PLA-PCAC composites demonstrated suitability for FDM-based 3D printing and exhibited enzymatic biodegradability.

Conclusions:

  • Pinecone-derived biocarbon effectively enhances the mechanical properties of PLA.
  • PLA-PCAC biocomposites represent a sustainable and viable alternative to conventional 3D printing materials.
  • This research advances eco-friendly additive manufacturing through biomass valorization.