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Bacterial PprI-DdrO system evolved from ImmA-ImmR system in the prophage
Linjia Wang1, Shitong Zhong1, Shuang Song1
1MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, Institute of Biophysics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Protein Science : a Publication of the Protein Society
|July 21, 2025
Summary
The PprI-DdrO and ImmA-ImmR systems, involved in DNA damage response, show significant evolutionary links. Research suggests the PprI-DdrO system likely originated from the ImmA-ImmR system found in prophage elements.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Evolutionary Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Organisms utilize DNA damage response systems like PprI-DdrO and ImmA-ImmR.
- These systems regulate gene transcription or DNA element transfer upon DNA damage.
- PprI-DdrO and ImmA-ImmR share functional analogies and protein family classifications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the homology and evolutionary relationship between the ImmA-ImmR and PprI-DdrO systems.
- To confirm the functional association between these protein pairs.
- To investigate the evolutionary origin of the PprI-DdrO system.
Main Methods:
- Sequence and structure alignments of proteins.
- In silico and biochemical experiments to confirm functional association.
- Phylogenetic analysis of protein families across species.
Main Results:
- Significant similarities were observed between ImmA-ImmR and PprI-DdrO proteins.
- Functional association was confirmed through computational and experimental methods.
- Phylogenetic analysis placed ImmA-ImmR systems in the same clade as PprI-DdrO.
Conclusions:
- The PprI-DdrO and ImmA-ImmR systems are significantly associated.
- The PprI-DdrO system is inferred to have originated from the ImmA-ImmR system within prophage elements.
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