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Multifunctional Three-Layer Collagen-Based Membrane for Periodontal Guided Tissue Regeneration
Sara Takallu1, Zeinab Karimi2, Hooman Khorshidi3
1Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran.
ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|July 21, 2025
Summary
A new guided tissue/bone regeneration membrane (GTBRM) with silver and β-TCP nanoparticles shows promise for periodontal regeneration. It offers antibacterial and osteogenic properties, improving bone and soft tissue healing in preclinical models.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Periodontology
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Periodontal defects from periodontitis require surgical regeneration techniques like guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR).
- Infections pose a significant risk to the success of conventional GTR/GBR membranes, necessitating improved designs.
- Existing membranes lack multifunctional capabilities to simultaneously address infection and promote regeneration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To engineer and characterize a novel multifunctional guided tissue/bone regeneration membrane (GTBRM).
- To evaluate the antibacterial, osteogenic, and regenerative potential of the GTBRM in vitro and in vivo.
- To assess the GTBRM's suitability for enhancing periodontal regeneration.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of GTBRM with collagen layers, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), β-tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles (β-TCP NPs), and a poly(vinyl alcohol)/cellulose nanocrystal core.
- Physicochemical characterization using SEM, EDAX, XRD, FTIR, tensile testing, and biodegradation analysis.
- In vitro biocompatibility, cell proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation assays with MG-63 cells, HGF, and BMSCs; antibacterial tests against E. faecalis and F. nucleatum.
- In vivo evaluation in rat radial bone and oral defect models to assess bone and soft tissue regeneration.
Main Results:
- The GTBRM exhibited suitable physicochemical properties and controlled biodegradation.
- In vitro studies confirmed GTBRM's biocompatibility, enhanced cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation.
- AgNPs demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, while β-TCP NPs promoted osteoblast activity.
- In vivo studies showed GTBRM significantly enhanced osteogenesis and buccal soft tissue regeneration.
Conclusions:
- The developed GTBRM demonstrates multifunctional capabilities including biocompatibility, space maintenance, antibacterial properties, and osteoconductivity.
- These preclinical findings suggest GTBRM's potential as an advanced material for periodontal regeneration.
- Further clinical studies are warranted to confirm the translational potential and efficacy of GTBRM.
