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Updated: Sep 14, 2025

TMS: Using the Theta-Burst Protocol to Explore Mechanism of Plasticity in Individuals with Fragile X Syndrome and Autism
Published on: December 28, 2010
Xist condensates: perspectives for therapeutic intervention
Irene Perotti1, Laura Broglia2, Gian Gaetano Tartaglia3
1Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, Università di Pisa, Strada Statale dell'Abetone Brennero, 4, Pisa, 56123, Italy.
Abstract:
X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) is a crucial mechanism of dosage compensation in female mammals ensuring that genes from only one X chromosome are expressed, initiated through expression of the long noncoding RNA Xist. Recent evidence underscores the significance of molecular crowding-most likely via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS)-in forming Xist RNA-driven condensates critical for establishing and sustaining the silenced state. By integrating existing knowledge and emerging ideas, we provide a comprehensive perspective on the molecular underpinnings of XCI and outline how manipulation of LLPS-based mechanisms offers new avenues for novel therapeutic approaches.
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