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Related Concept Videos

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing
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Mitigating muscle contractions during pulsed field ablation by utilizing intersegment delays.

Sabrina N Campelo1, Zaid S Salameh1, Kenneth N Aycock2

  • 1Georgia Tech - Emory University Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Atlanta 30332, GA, USA; Virginia Tech - Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg 24061, VA, USA.

Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|July 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Pulsed field ablation (PFA) can be improved by using an intersegment delay (ISD) waveform. This method reduces muscle contractions during irreversible electroporation (IRE) treatments without affecting the ablation effectiveness.

Keywords:
Biphasic pulsingIrreversible electroporationNerve excitationPulsed field ablation

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Electrophysiology
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • Pulsed field ablation (PFA) utilizes irreversible electroporation (IRE) for tissue ablation.
  • Neuronal excitation and muscle contractions are common side effects of PFA.
  • Current mitigation strategies like biphasic pulsing and higher frequencies limit treatment volume.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of an intersegment delay (ISD) in reducing muscle contractions during PFA.
  • To determine if ISD affects the lethal electric field threshold for tissue ablation.
  • To refine PFA waveforms for improved clinical utility.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of a single, extended delay (ISD) between biphasic pulsing trains.
  • Comparison of a continuous waveform with an ISD waveform (250 μs).
  • Measurement of nerve stimulation thresholds and lethal electric field thresholds.

Main Results:

  • The ISD waveform increased the nerve stimulation threshold (66 V/cm vs 63 V/cm).
  • A ~30% decrease in physical acceleration was observed with ISD.
  • The lethal electric field threshold remained largely unaffected (769 V/cm vs 787 V/cm).

Conclusions:

  • Intersegment delay (ISD) effectively mitigates muscle contractions in PFA.
  • ISD does not compromise the therapeutic electric field required for ablation.
  • This refined waveform design enhances the clinical applicability of electroporation-based therapies.