[Association between triglyceride-glucose index and the risk of new onset hypertension]

To explore the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose(TyG) index and the risk of new onset hypertension in Chinese adults aged 18 and above.

Data was extracted from follow-up study for Nutrition and Health of Chinese Residents(2021), which was conducted from May 2021 to December 2022. Stratified systematic sampling method was used to select 10 survey sites from 150 surveillance sites based on the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance 2010-2012. demographic information, physical status, lifestyle were collected through questionnaire, physical measurements and laboratory tests. The TyG index was calculated using baseline fasting serum triglyceride and blood glucose, and was divided into quartiles(Q1-Q4). Multiple-adjusted logistic regression was used to test the association between the TyG index and the risk of hypertension, after adjusting for basic demographic information, physical characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, and intake of oil and salt. The restricted cubic spline model was applied to analyze the dose-response relationship between the TyG index and hypertension. Stratified analysis and interaction tests were conducted to evaluate the interaction in different subgroups.

A total of 2516 subjects with normal blood pressure at baseline was included, with mean TyG of 8.53±0.67 on baseline. And the rate of new onset hypertension was 57.95%. Significantly positive correlation trend was observed between the TyG index and hypertension(β=1.51, P<0.05). Consistently, high levels of TyG index were significantly associated with increased risk of new-onset hypertension when TyG index was grouped into quartiles. Compared with Q1, the risks were 1.28 times(95%CI 1.01-1.62, P<0.04), 1.39 times(95%CI 1.09-1.76, P=0.01), and 2.11 times(95%CI 1.64-2.71, P<0.01)in Q2-Q4, respectively. Restricted cubic spline analysis suggested a positive linear relationship between the TyG index and the incidence of hypertension(P_(overall)<0.01, P_(nonlinear) = 0.54). The associations were consistent in various subgroups(P<0.05) such as age, gender, living area, education, household income, second-hand smoking, physical activity, family history of hypertension, cooking salt and oil intake, overweight and obesity, and central obesity.

High TyG index was significantly associated with an increased risk of hypertension among Chinese adults.