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Advancing forensic accuracy: mitigating methemoglobin interference in postmortem carbon monoxide analysis using

Miyeon Lee1, Doyeon Lee2, Young-Hoon Jo3

  • 1Daejeon District Office, National Forensic Service, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea. leemiyeon0701@korea.kr.

Scientific Reports
|July 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sodium dithionite treatment reduces overestimation of carbon monoxide (CO) in spleen tissue. This method improves postmortem CO quantification accuracy, especially in samples with methemoglobin (MetHb) from decomposition.

Keywords:
Carbon monoxideCarboxyhemoglobinGCPostmortemReducing agentSpleen

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Toxicology
  • Biochemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Accurate postmortem carbon monoxide (CO) analysis is vital.
  • Methemoglobin (MetHb) formation during decomposition can inhibit CO binding, leading to inaccurate results.
  • Reducing agents can convert MetHb back to hemoglobin (HHb).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of sodium dithionite (a reducing agent) on CO analysis in spleen tissue.
  • To determine if MetHb affects CO quantification in postmortem samples.
  • To enhance the accuracy of postmortem CO measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Spleen samples from 60 autopsy cases were divided into control and reduced groups.
  • Reduced samples were treated with 0.574 M sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4).
  • Both groups were analyzed using Gas Chromatography with a Thermal Conductivity Detector (GC-TCD).

Main Results:

  • 48 cases showed significantly lower CO levels in reduced samples (median difference 13.83%).
  • 12 cases showed minimal difference (median difference 0.67%).
  • MetHb formation during decomposition was confirmed to inhibit CO binding.

Conclusions:

  • MetHb significantly interferes with postmortem CO quantification in spleen tissue.
  • Sodium dithionite treatment corrects for MetHb inhibition, improving accuracy.
  • This method is crucial for reliable postmortem CO analysis, especially in putrefied samples.