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Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm
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Multi-objective optimization of daylighting performance and solar radiation for building geometry using a hybrid

Shaoyang Lou1, Xiaojun Luo2, Zhonggou Chen1

  • 1Department of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.

Scientific Reports
|July 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Architectural geometry optimization balances solar radiation and daylighting for improved building energy efficiency and comfort. This study achieved a 26.89% solar performance and 19.85% daylighting enhancement through advanced algorithms.

Keywords:
Daylight simulationGeometry optimizationHot summer and cold winter zoneMulti-objective optimizationSolar radiation simulation

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Area of Science:

  • Building Science
  • Sustainable Architecture
  • Computational Design

Background:

  • Optimizing solar radiation and daylighting is crucial for building energy efficiency and occupant comfort.
  • Architectural geometry significantly influences these environmental factors.
  • Balancing seasonal solar gain and daylight availability presents a complex design challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To optimize building geometry for balanced solar radiation and daylighting performance.
  • To minimize solar radiation variation across seasons while maximizing useful daylight illuminance (UDI).
  • To integrate performance-based design strategies early in the architectural form-finding process.

Main Methods:

  • Parametric modeling using additive and subtractive design algorithms (EvoMass on Grasshopper).
  • Application of a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (Steady-State Island Evolutionary Algorithm - SSIEA).
  • Optimization of building parameters including dimensions, orientation, and mass distribution.

Main Results:

  • The optimized design achieved a more balanced solar radiation distribution across seasons.
  • A 26.89% improvement in solar radiation performance was observed compared to the reference building.
  • Daylighting performance was enhanced by 19.85%.

Conclusions:

  • Leveraging the Pareto front in early design stages offers effective geometry optimization strategies.
  • Performance-based design decisions can be enabled through computational tools.
  • Optimized architectural geometry leads to significant improvements in building energy efficiency and daylighting.