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Association Between Irisin Level and Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

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Irisin, a muscle factor, shows a positive correlation with overall cognitive function in humans. This suggests irisin may play a role in brain health, potentially by influencing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Irisin is a myokine with emerging roles in brain function.
  • Previous research suggests a link between irisin levels and cognitive abilities.
  • This study investigates the association between irisin and cognition in humans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the correlation between irisin levels and global cognitive function.
  • To explore the relationship between irisin and specific cognitive domains.
  • To examine the association of irisin with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its impact on cognition.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of 11 studies.
  • Searched five electronic databases for human studies on irisin and cognition.
  • Analyzed correlation coefficients (r) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for primary and secondary outcomes.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive correlation was found between irisin levels and global cognition (r=0.26).
  • Subgroup analyses revealed positive correlations in non-Asians, smaller studies, serum/CSF measurements, MMSE scales, and populations with cognitive impairments.
  • No significant correlations were observed between irisin and specific cognitive domains; however, positive correlations were noted between BDNF and cognition, and between irisin and BDNF levels.

Conclusions:

  • Irisin appears to have a beneficial effect on cognitive function.
  • The mechanism may involve the promotion of BDNF expression by irisin.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the neuroprotective role of irisin.