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A Scalable Fishbone Nanowire Array (FINE) for 3D Quasi-Intracellular Recording in Intact Brains.

Youngbin Tchoe^1,2, Jihwan Lee¹, Karen J Tonsfeldt^1,3

¹Integrated Electronics and Biointerfaces Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|July 23, 2025

Summary

A novel Fishbone Intracellular Nanowire Electrode (FINE) enables scalable 3D intracellular recordings in intact brains. This technology captures detailed neuronal activity, advancing our understanding of brain function and cognition.

Keywords:

electrophysiology intact brain intracellular nanowire recording

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biomedical Engineering
Materials Science

Background:

Intracellular recordings offer high-resolution neuronal activity data but are limited in scalability.
Recording large neuronal ensembles in intact brains remains a significant technical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a scalable electrode technology for 3D intracellular recordings in intact brains.
To overcome the limitations of current electrophysiological recording methods.

Main Methods:

Development of the Fishbone Intracellular Nanowire Electrode (FINE) with ultra-sharp, reverse-angled platinum silicide (PtSi) nanowires.
Novel fabrication process to ensure electrode integrity during brain insertion.
Comparative analysis of nanowire versus planar recordings and demonstration of a 24-shank array.

Main Results:

FINE electrodes yield quasi-intracellular potentials by establishing intimate nanowire-neuron interfaces.
Scalability demonstrated with a 3D array of 594 nanowires, successfully recording from 127 distinct neurons.
Validation of unique quasi-intracellular recording characteristics.

Conclusions:

FINE technology significantly enhances the scalability of intracellular recordings in intact brains.
This advancement facilitates detailed investigation of neuronal transmembrane potentials and their role in behavior and cognition.