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Powassan Virus-Related Encephalitis in the Off-Season: A Case Report

Moe Uddin1, Cheston Cunha1, Calli Dogon1

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases Brown University.

Journal of Brown Hospital Medicine
|July 23, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Climate change expands arbovirus risks. A winter Powassan virus meningoencephalitis case in Rhode Island highlights the need for year-round vigilance against these tick-borne Flaviviruses.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Arboviral infections are a growing global health concern, exacerbated by climate change.
  • Tick-borne Flaviviruses, such as Powassan virus, can cause severe neurological disease.

Observation:

  • A middle-aged man in Rhode Island was diagnosed with meningoencephalitis during winter.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis.

Findings:

  • Confirmatory testing showed high titers (>1:20,480) for Powassan virus.
  • This case occurred unexpectedly outside the typical transmission season.

Implications:

  • The findings underscore the expanding geographic and seasonal range of arboviruses.
  • Year-round vigilance and consideration of arboviral causes in neurological cases are crucial.
  • Lack of targeted therapies necessitates supportive care, with a significant risk of chronic sequelae.
Keywords:
ArbovirusPowassan virusencephalitismeningitisticke-borne illness

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