CRISPR/Cas9 technology in tumor research and drug development application progress and future prospects

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Genetics
• Oncology

Background:

• The CRISPR/Cas9 system, a bacterial defense mechanism, has been adapted for precise DNA manipulation.
• This technology utilizes guide RNA and Cas9 endonuclease for targeted gene editing (knockout/knock-in).

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the progress and future prospects of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in oncology research.
• To detail its applications in tumor genome editing, drug target screening, and new drug development.

Main Methods:

• Review of CRISPR/Cas9 applications in cancer biology, including gene transcription and epigenetic editing.
• Discussion of its use in anticancer drug discovery, target identification, and screening strategies.
• Exploration of multimodal functional genomics integration and overcoming CAR-T resistance.

Main Results:

• CRISPR/Cas9 shows significant potential in tumor research, drug development, and personalized therapy.
• It facilitates precise genome engineering, target discovery, and screening for drug resistance mechanisms.

Conclusions:

• CRISPR/Cas9 technology is fundamental to advancing cancer biology and drug discovery.
• Technical challenges (off-target effects, efficiency) and ethical considerations require further research for clinical translation.