Factors Associated With Mortality in Leukemia and Lymphoma With COVID-19: A National Inpatient Sample Analysis...

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Infectious Diseases
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Patients with hematological malignancies have higher COVID-19 mortality risks.
• Understanding COVID-19's impact on leukemia and lymphoma patients is crucial for managing immunocompromised individuals.
• Limited research exists on mortality patterns in these patient groups during the pandemic.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the COVID-19 mortality risk in leukemia and lymphoma patients in the US.
• To analyze COVID-19 mortality trends in these cohorts from 2020 to 2021.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of the National Inpatient Sample database (2020-2021) for adult leukemia and lymphoma patients with COVID-19.
• Utilized descriptive analysis, propensity matching, and multivariate regression.
• Compared mortality risks and identified trends across quartiles.

Main Results:

• Leukemia patients had a 14.7% mortality rate; lymphoma patients had a 19.7% mortality rate.
• Multivariate regression revealed a two-fold increase in mortality for both leukemia and lymphoma patients with COVID-19.
• Organ and bone marrow dysfunctions significantly increased mortality odds; mortality surges peaked in late 2020 and throughout 2021.

Conclusions:

• COVID-19 is associated with significantly increased mortality in leukemia and lymphoma patients.
• Identified mortality surges from October 2020 to March 2021, crucial for forecasting future risks in cancer patients.
• Clinicians must refine treatment and advance clinical trials for hematological malignancy patients with COVID-19 and comorbidities.