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Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions
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Determinants of Cognitive Performance Among Ghanaian Hypertensive Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Solomon Gyabaah1, Samuel Nguah Blay1,2, Shadrack Osei Asibey1

  • 1Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana.

Health Science Reports
|July 23, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Cognitive decline in hypertensive Ghanaians is linked to older age and female sex, but higher education improves cognitive performance. This highlights key factors influencing brain health in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Public Health
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Hypertension is a significant global health issue, particularly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa with poor blood pressure control.
  • Cognitive decline is a serious consequence of hypertension, impacting quality of life and healthcare burdens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the factors influencing cognitive performance in Ghanaian patients diagnosed with hypertension.
  • To identify specific demographic and clinical determinants associated with cognitive function in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 214 hypertensive adults (aged ≥18 years) at a district hospital.
  • Global cognitive performance was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA).
  • Multivariable linear regression analysis identified independent predictors of MOCA scores.

Main Results:

  • Older age and female sex were independently associated with poorer cognitive performance (lower MOCA scores).
  • Higher levels of education (secondary and tertiary) were linked to better cognitive performance.
  • In sensitivity analyses, factors like BMI, heart failure, stroke history, and uncontrolled hypertension showed associations with cognitive scores, varying by sex.

Conclusions:

  • Age and female sex are risk factors for cognitive decline in hypertensive Ghanaians.
  • Educational attainment is a protective factor for cognitive function in this demographic.
  • Understanding these determinants is crucial for targeted interventions to preserve cognitive health in hypertensive individuals in Ghana.
Abstract

Keywords:
Ghanaiancognitive performancedeterminanthypertension

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