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Antiviral Activity of Rhamnolipids Nano-Micelles Against Rhinoviruses-In Silico Docking, Molecular Dynamic Analysis

Lila Touabi1, Nasser S M Ismail2, Marwa R Bakkar3

  • 1School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University, 166-220 Holloway Road, London N7 8DB, UK.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology
|July 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Rhamnolipids nano-micelles (RMN) show potent antiviral activity against major group human rhinoviruses (HRVs), offering a promising alternative for disinfecting healthcare settings and preventing hospital-acquired infections.

Keywords:
antiviral agentdocking studyrhamnolipids nano-micellesrhinoviruses

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Virology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) traditionally focused on multidrug-resistant bacteria, but viral infections like those caused by human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are increasingly recognized.
  • HRVs are non-enveloped viruses resistant to alcohol-based disinfectants, necessitating novel strategies for infection control in healthcare settings.
  • Rhamnolipids and their nano-micelles (RMN) have demonstrated antimicrobial and antiviral properties, with RMN showing superior efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the antiviral activity of Rhamnolipids nano-micelles (RMN) against human rhinoviruses (HRVs), specifically major and minor groups.
  • To evaluate RMN as a potential disinfectant and hand sanitizer component for controlling viral respiratory infections in healthcare environments.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular docking was employed to predict the interaction of rhamnolipids with different HRV groups.
  • Rhamnolipids nano-micelles (RMN) were prepared and characterized.
  • Antiviral activity of RMN was assessed in vitro against HRV-16 (major group) and HRV-1B (minor group) using HeLa cells.

Main Results:

  • Molecular docking suggested stronger interactions of rhamnolipids with major group HRVs (e.g., HRV-14) compared to minor group HRVs (e.g., HRV-1A).
  • RMN demonstrated complete inhibition of HRV-16 infection in HeLa cells, restoring 100% cell viability.
  • RMN provided partial inhibition of HRV-1B infection, with approximately 50% protection of HeLa cells.

Conclusions:

  • Rhamnolipids nano-micelles exhibit significant antiviral efficacy against major group human rhinoviruses.
  • RMN shows potential as a safe and effective component for disinfectants and hand sanitizers to combat viral HAIs.
  • These findings support the development of RMN-based strategies to reduce the incidence of respiratory infections in clinical settings.