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Rituximab Therapy in Refractory Ocular Cicatricial Pemphigoid: A Case Report
Sania Vidas Pauk1, Antonela Geber1, Iva Bešlić1
1Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Reports (MDPI)
|July 23, 2025
Summary
Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP) is a rare autoimmune disease causing vision loss. Early diagnosis and systemic treatment, including biologics like rituximab for severe cases, are crucial for managing OCP.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Autoimmune Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP) is a rare, chronic autoimmune blistering disease.
- It primarily affects the conjunctiva, leading to progressive scarring, symblepharon, trichiasis, and potential blindness.
- Diagnosis relies on clinical presentation, confirmed by biopsy and immunofluorescence.
Observation:
- A 64-year-old male with OCP presented with severe ocular inflammation and vision loss.
- Initial treatment with steroids and immunosuppressants provided partial control, but disease progression necessitated further intervention.
- Rituximab therapy was initiated, leading to significant inflammation reduction and disease stabilization.
Findings:
- The patient showed improved visual acuity in the right eye after rituximab treatment.
- While the left eye's vision remained poor, rituximab effectively controlled inflammation and stabilized the condition.
- Biopsy confirmed OCP, guiding the treatment strategy.
Implications:
- Timely systemic treatment is vital for preventing irreversible vision loss in OCP patients.
- Biologic agents, such as rituximab, represent a promising therapeutic option for refractory OCP cases.
- Continued research into OCP pathogenesis and treatment is essential for improving patient outcomes.
