CuBTTri MOF-Functionalized Hyaluronic Acid-Polydopamine Composite Coating for Selective Endothelialization and...

Blood-contacting materials are frequently challenged by endothelial damage, thrombosis, and intimal hyperplasia, significantly limiting their long-term efficacy. To mitigate these issues, a composite coating was developed by integrating nitric oxide (NO)-releasing CuBTTri with hyaluronic acid (HA) on a polydimethylsiloxane surface. To combine the cell adhesion property of polydopamine coatings, the hydrophilic and antifouling properties of HA, and the ability of CuBTTri to catalyze NO release, a polydopamine-polyethylenimine layer was deposited to enhance surface adhesion, followed by the covalent attachment of CuBTTri-loaded hyaluronic acid, forming hyaluronic acid-polydopamine composite coatings (PHMn). Among these, the PHM2 coating (200 μg/mL CuBTTri, obtained by dispersing 1 mg CuBTTri in 5 mL HA solution) demonstrated superior performance, efficiently catalyzing NO release from endogenous donors. This process selectively inhibited smooth muscle cell (HUVSMC) adhesion and proliferation while fostering endothelial cell (HUVEC) growth, achieving a HUVEC-to-HUVSMC density ratio of approximately 1.9. Furthermore, HUVECs on PHM2 exhibited high viability (∼97%) and increased CD31 expression, reflecting favorable endothelialization. The coating also displayed remarkable hemocompatibility, as evidenced by extended plasma recalcification time and a reduced hemolysis rate. The NO-releasing capability of CuBTTri, in conjunction with the hydrophilic and antifouling characteristics of hyaluronic acid, constitutes an effective strategy for fabricating blood-contacting materials with selective endothelialization and sustained hemocompatibility.