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Updated: Sep 14, 2025

Ultrafast Lignin Extraction from Unusual Mediterranean Lignocellulosic Residues
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Deep eutectic solvent-facilitated demethylation and depolymerization for producing highly reactive and antioxidative

Ling Chen1, Mengdi Liang2, Ping Qu1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Crop and Livestock Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210095, China.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|July 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a green method for lignin valorization using acidic deep eutectic solvents (DES) and reduced hydrobromic acid (HBr). The process efficiently demethylates and depolymerizes lignin, yielding a product with enhanced antioxidant properties and improved composite performance.

Keywords:
Acidic deep eutectic solventLignin demethylationLignin depolymerization

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Area of Science:

  • Biomass Valorization
  • Green Chemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Lignin valorization is crucial for biorefineries but faces challenges with hazardous reagents and harsh conditions.
  • Existing demethylation methods often employ toxic solvents and excessive amounts of halogenated reagents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a facile, efficient, and sustainable strategy for lignin demethylation and depolymerization.
  • To utilize an acidic deep eutectic solvent (DES) with a reduced amount of hydrobromic acid (HBr) for enhanced lignin processing.

Main Methods:

  • A deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of choline chloride (ChCl) and lactic acid (LA) was employed.
  • The DES system was coupled with a significantly reduced hydrobromic acid (HBr) loading (4.7 wt%).
  • Characterization of the modified lignin included molecular weight determination and phenolic hydroxyl content analysis.

Main Results:

  • The ChCl-LA DES system dramatically enhanced lignin demethylation and β-O-4 ether bond cleavage efficiency to 45%, a significant improvement over conventional systems.
  • The resulting lignin exhibited a reduced molecular weight, a lower syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratio, and a 76% increase in phenolic hydroxyl content.
  • Demethylated lignin showed superior antioxidant activity compared to the original lignin and BHT, and improved protein-based composites' mechanical and water-resistant properties.

Conclusions:

  • The synergistic combination of green DES mediation and low-concentration HBr offers an efficient and sustainable pathway for lignin valorization.
  • This approach provides a promising strategy for producing high-value lignin derivatives with enhanced functionalities.