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Correlation Between Anxiety, Depression, and Self-Perceived Hoarseness: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Abdul-Latif Hamdan1, Christophe Abi Zeid Daou1, Zeina Maria Semaan1
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
Objective:
This review aims to evaluate the correlation between anxiety, depression, and self-perceived hoarseness in patients with dysphonia.
Study Design:
Systematic review.
Methods:
A systematic search of Medline, PubMed, and Cochrane databases was performed. Studies focusing on the relationship between anxiety, depression, and self-reported voice measures in dysphonic patients were included, while duplicates, incomplete data, animal studies, and reviews were excluded, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses guidelines.
Results:
Of the 416 articles identified, 24 papers were reviewed. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria and were included. Most studies used the Voice Handicap Index (VHI), VHI-10, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale as assessment tools. The studies demonstrated a positive correlation of varying degrees between anxiety, depression, and self-perceived hoarseness, except for patients with spasmodic dysphonia in one study.
Conclusion:
This review highlights significant positive correlation between anxiety, depression, and self-perceived hoarseness, emphasizing the importance of early identification and treatment of mental health issues to improve patient outcomes.
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