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A temperature-adaptive component-dynamic-coordinated strategy for high-performance elastic conductive fibers.

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Researchers developed temperature-adaptive elastic conductive fibers (ECFs) using a novel mechanism. These fibers show enhanced conductivity and stability across temperatures, enabling advanced e-textiles for extreme environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Textile Engineering

Background:

  • Elastic conductive fibers (ECFs) are essential for advanced electronic textiles, wearables, and robotics.
  • Integrating mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties in microscale fibers remains a significant challenge.
  • Existing ECFs struggle with performance balance and temperature adaptability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and fabricate temperature-adaptive ECFs with enhanced elasticity and conductivity.
  • To investigate the mechano-electrical-thermal coupling mechanism within the fibers.
  • To demonstrate the potential of these ECFs in practical e-textile applications.

Main Methods:

  • Wet-spinning of ECFs using thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), silver flakes (AgFKs), and liquid metal microspheres (LMMSs).
  • Fabrication with a regularly arranged filler architecture.
  • Characterization of electrical conductivity, stability, and mechanical properties under varying temperatures and stretching.

Main Results:

  • A cold/thermal stretching activated tricomponent-dynamic-coordination mechanism was revealed.
  • Electrical conductivity autonomously enhanced from ~1070 S cm⁻¹ at 25°C to 3020 S cm⁻¹ at 180°C.
  • Fibers demonstrated excellent electrical stability, sustaining 1000 stretching cycles (60% strain at 80°C).
  • The ECFs exhibited scalability and knittability.

Conclusions:

  • The developed ECFs offer a promising solution for high-performance, environment-adaptive electronic textiles.
  • The autonomous mechano-thermo-electrical coupling strategy provides a new design paradigm for ECFs.
  • These ECFs are suitable for demanding applications like biomedical electrodes, NFC gloves, and intelligent firefighting suits.